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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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I usually just stick to the standard file system to any OS.
So for Linux that would be ext4.
For external drives i use either FAT32 (the ol' reliable) or exFAT (the fastest for dealing with large files when you set the max allocation unit size AKA 32MB).
So for Linux that would be ext4.
It's worth noting that the default file system varies by distro - there is no 'Linux' default. For example, RHEL et al use XFS as the default.
I thought RHEL is going with ext4 or btrfs these days. I know Fedora is on btrfs, while Debian & Ubuntu is on ext4.
RHEL is going hard on XFS, they've even completely removed BTRFS support from their kernel - they don't have any in-house development competency in it after all. It's somewhat understandable in that regard, since otherwise they wouldn't necessarily be able to offer filesystem-level support to their paying customers.
Though it is a little bit amusing, seeing as Fedora - the RHEL upstream - uses BTRFS as their default filesystem.
Is Red Hat the next canonical?
I'd say it's essential on a SMR drive