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Why is "proxy war" in scare quotes?
It's just a war where at least one of the belligerents is supported by at least one third party. Is there anyone who doubts that the Ukraine war meets any part of that definition?
Because proxy wars are deeply associated with the Cold War era of superpowers funding long and brutal wars. The problem is that the Ukraine war is closer to the lend lease portion of WWII, we’re putting our thumb on the scale, but it’s an economic strategy as much as a geopolitical one.
I don’t consider it a proxy war.
Ukraine isn’t a US proxy nor is Russia anyone’s proxy.
I'm not sure why people keep saying this.
A proxy war has nothing to do with either side being "a proxy." It only means that one of the sides is being supported by some nations that's not part of the war. That's very obviously the case here.
I imagine it’s the latter part of the above from Wikipedia and long-term use in Cold War language with that part stressed.
The “in behalf” is what I believe is missing in the current example unless then Russia is also a proxy of China and North Korea.
I see. Even with that expanded, and very subjective definition, it's still hard to see how this doesn't qualify.
The US has obvious strategic interests in the war. Various US and EU politicians and even Zelinsky himself keeps making that point. Ukraine obviously isn't just fighting for to support US interests but that's the case in every proxy war. The rich, third party nation doesn't hire mercenaries, they fund the groups who already have an interest in fighting (like defending their home).
Zelinsky would obviously like that situation to change. If the US and EU were willing to send troops it would stop being a proxy war and Zelinsky would clearly be thrilled.
If we're using this more detailed definition of "proxy war", which includes intent, I'd say that Russia is not a proxy for China. The difference is that isn't providing any donations to Russia. It's buying, selling and lending on terms that are so favorable to China that it's better described as carpetbagging. China, and to a lesser extent India and Iran, are all raking Russia over the coals. China also trades with Ukraine. It does so at a much lower rate than with Russia (565 vs 21,800 respectively in September) but at a higher rate than the US does with Ukraine (197 in September (source: https://oec.world/).
Because Ukraine isn't a proxy and neither is Russia.
I get that people don't want to associate Ukraine with the US's horrible track record with proxy wars but the term is still just a dry political definition and the Ukraine war fits it perfectly.
It would stop being a proxy war if the US (and everyone else) cut off funding or if they actually engaged in hostilities. As long as the US (or any nation) aids Russia or Ukraine without directly participating, it's a proxy war because that's how proxy wars are defined.
Would Iran, North Korea, and the other countries sending arms to Russia need to cut their support for it to stop being a proxy war? Or do they get a free pass for being the underdogs?
Yes. They would. There are no “free passes” on a definition.