I can only speak for Silverblue, as I didn't try other ones yet. But I'm extremely happy with it.
General
- I don't get the difference between rpm-ostree and other techniques, like those from VanillaOS or Aeon, yet. So I can't tell if ostree is the "best" one
- BIGGEST pro (in my opinion): the rebase-function (see the following)
- Working with it feels very "clean", as your base-OS doesn't get crammed with trash programs
- You containerize pretty much everything if you can. Flatpak and Distrobox are your friend.
- Should be more reliable, since there's "your" stuff and "the OS' stuff", and every system is the same -> devs can fix bugs better
"Official" (vanilla) Silverblue
- The oldest one around. Big developer- and userbase
- Very robust and stable
- But also minimalist (no additional packages preinstalled)
- Comes only with Gnome or KDE
- You need to layer/ install essential packages yourself, which somehow isn't the recommended way to install stuff. I yet still have to find out what disadvantages this has.
Universal-Blue (uBlue)
- Isn't a distro/ fork of SB, but takes advantage of the rebase feature. Basically, you can choose from where your distro draws it's OS-base. So, it's just a repository for OS-images.
- Comes with essential packages and tweaks OOTB (distrobox, 3rd party stuff, Nvidia drivers, etc.), which aren't layered, but part of the image
- Everyone can publish their image. There's the "normal" SB with QOL-stuff added, there are some DE-spins (e.g. XFCE), some are similar to SteamOS, and so on.
- CON: I don't know how reliable and "bloated" they are compared to Vanilla SB.