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How to properly size a serial bulb for protection when troubleshooting a circuit?
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And the bulb is a strange resistor, it has a really high current when starting up cold. This can fry everything behind it.
It has the high current because it's cold, it only needs a short time to heat up and light up and the majority of circuits can handle very short overcurrent really well because the connections need to heat up before they break. Using a lightbulb for current limiting works pretty well.