this post was submitted on 09 Sep 2024
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The problem is that there are too many separate dimensions to define the tiers.
In terms of data signaling speed and latency, you have the basic generations of USB 1.x, 2.0, 3.x, and 4, with Thunderbolt 3 essentially being the same thing as USB4, and Thunderbolt 4 adding on some more minimum requirements.
On top of that, you have USB-PD, which is its own standard for power delivery, including how the devices conduct handshakes over a certified cable.
And then you have the standards for not just raw data speed, but also what other modes are supported, for information to be seamlessly tunneled through the cable and connection in a mode that carries signals other than the data signal spec for USB. Most famously, there's the DisplayPort Alt Mode for driving display data over a USB-C connection with a DP-compatible monitor. But there's also an analog audio mode so that the cable and port passes along analog data to or from microphones or speakers.
Each type of cable, too, carries different physical requirements, which also causes a challenge on how long the cable can be and still work properly. That's why a lot of the cables that support the latest and greatest data and power standards tend to be short. A longer cable might be useful, but could come at the sacrifice of not supporting certain types of functions. I personally have a long cable that supports USB-PD but can't carry thunderbolt data speeds or certain types of signals, but I like it because it's good for plugging in a charger when I'm not that close to an outlet. But I also know it's not a good cable for connecting my external SSD, which would be bottlenecked at USB 2.0 speeds.
So the tiers themselves aren't going to be well defined.
Right, which is why it's so important to define tiers.
For example:
You'd use the same cable for 1-3, and specialized cables for 4 and 5, and those cables would have special markings on the connector. Ports for 3-5 would have unique markings as well. Cables and ports can go beyond those specs if they want.
Just because you can break things into separate groups doesn't mean you should. The goal here shouldn't be to make things easier for manufacturers, but to make things easier for users.
Not to mention power-only cables to avoid the security issues associated with cables that permit data transfer.
"Power-only" meaning no data BEYOND the PD devices themselves because its actually a data protocol to negotiate the power output to the device.