Also the foraging people might end up living on the periphery of a settlement, foraging and then trading what they foraged with the settlement to make thier lives easier.

I don't know how suitable this is, but I instantly thought of it as sort of comparable to bacteria in the wild, compared to the same bacteria moved to a sterile environment and being fed growth medium. The latter can grow to vastly larger quantities in a comparable area, maybe even in a giant vat. But if there's enough of a problem with the single source of growth medium, some kind of contamination or just no more supply, the whole colony dies. It's a more successful colony, but in a potentially far less stable state unless the conditions can continue to be kept that good.